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</div>		<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">International Bank Account Number</h1>
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			<h3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</h3>
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			<p>The <b>International Bank Account Number</b> (<b>IBAN</b>) is an international standard for identifying <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_account" title="Bank account">bank accounts</a> across national borders. It was originally adopted by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Committee_for_Banking_Standards" title="European Committee for Banking Standards">European Committee for Banking Standards</a>,
and was later adopted as an international standard under ISO 13616:1997
and now as ISO 13616:2007. The official IBAN registrar under ISO
13616:2003 is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT" class="mw-redirect">SWIFT</a> and the IBAN registry is currently at <a href="http://www.swift.com/solutions/messaging/information_products/directory_products/iban_format_registry/index.page?lang=en" class="external text" title="http://www.swift.com/solutions/messaging/information_products/directory_products/iban_format_registry/index.page?lang=en" rel="nofollow">SWIFT</a>.</p>
<p>The IBAN was originally developed to facilitate payments within the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> but the format is flexible enough to be applied globally.</p>
<p>The IBAN consists of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2" title="ISO 3166-1 alpha-2">ISO 3166-1 alpha-2</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_code" title="Country code">country code</a>, followed by two <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_digit" title="Check digit">check digits</a>
and up to thirty alphanumeric characters for the domestic bank account
number (incorporating routing information, called the BBAN (Basic Bank
Account Number). It is up to each country's national banking community
to decide on the length of the BBAN for accounts in that country, but
its length must be fixed for any given country.</p>
<p>The IBAN should not contain spaces when transmitted electronically.
However, when printed on paper, the IBAN is expressed in groups of four
characters separated by a single space, the last group being of
variable length.</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Contents</h2>
 <span class="toctoggle">[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink">hide</a>]</span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Geographical_usage"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Geographical usage</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Algorithms"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Algorithms</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Calculating_and_validating_IBAN_checksums"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Calculating and validating IBAN checksums</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Calculating_the_modulus_of_a_large_number"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Calculating the modulus of a large number</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Security_and_Privacy"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Security and Privacy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Online_tools"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Online tools</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Software_Implementations"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Software Implementations</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
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<p><a name="Background" id="Background"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Background</span></h2>
<p>Before IBAN, customers, especially individuals and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_and_medium_enterprise" title="Small and medium enterprise" class="mw-redirect">SMEs</a>,
used to be confused by the differing national standards for bank
account identification such as bank, branch, routing codes and account
number. This often led to needed routing information being missing
from. Furthermore routing information was not check digited so simple
errors of transcription were not detectable and it was not possible for
a sending bank to validate the routing information prior to submitting
the payment. Routing errors were therefore frequent causing payments to
be delayed and incurred extra costs to the sending and receiving banks
and often to intermediate routing banks also.</p>
<p>IBAN imposes a flexible but regular format sufficient for account
identification and contains validation information to avoid errors of
transcription.</p>
<p>The standard IBAN now carries all the routing information needed to
get a payment from one bank to another wherever it may be. IBAN
contains <i>check digiting</i> which can be validated in any country
according to a single standard procedure. The IBAN contains all the key
bank account details such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9362" title="ISO 9362">Bank Identifier Codes</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">sort codes</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum" title="Checksum">checksums</a> and where used has reduced trans-national money transfer errors to under 0.1% of total payments.</p>
<p>In this way, the validity of a routing destination can be validated
by the sending bank (or its customer) from a single string of data
which contains all the necessary routing data to get money into the
destination account and routing errors in international (or
cross-border) payments are therefore virtually eliminated.</p>
<p>Examples of IBANs in written format.</p>
<dl>
<dd>Greek IBAN: GR16 0110 1050 0000 1054 7023 795</dd>
<dd>British IBAN: GB35 MIDL 4025 3432 1446 70</dd>
<dd>Swiss IBAN: CH51 0868 6001 2565 1500 1</dd>
</dl>
<p><a name="Geographical_usage" id="Geographical_usage"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Geographical usage">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Geographical usage</span></h2>
<p>All banks in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> (except for those in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a>) provide an IBAN identifier for their accounts as well as nationally recognised identifiers. In addition, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> also provide IBAN format account identifiers.</p>
<p>Banks in the British dependencies (except <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>
and the Crown Dependencies) do not use the IBAN format, but this may be
due to internal banking regulatory issues. Banks in the Dutch West
Indies don't use the IBAN format either. Some banks outside Europe may
not recognize IBAN, though as time passes this is expected to diminish.
Non-European banks typically accept IBANs as bank account numbers for
accounts in Europe, although they might not treat IBANs differently to
the way they treat other foreign bank account numbers. In particular,
they might choose not to check that the IBAN is valid prior to sending
the payment.</p>
<p>In the absence of an IBAN it remains necessary to use the current <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9362" title="ISO 9362">ISO 9362</a> Bank Identifier Code system (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9362" title="ISO 9362">BIC</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT" class="mw-redirect">SWIFT</a> code) in conjunction with the BBAN.</p>
<p>Banks in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> do not provide IBAN format account numbers. Any adoption of the IBAN standard by U.S. banks would likely be initiated by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_ASC_X9" title="ANSI ASC X9" class="mw-redirect">ANSI ASC X9</a>,
the U.S. financial services standards development organization but to
date it has not done so. Hence payments to U.S. bank accounts from
outside the U.S. are prone to errors of routing.</p>
<p>Banks in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> have not adopted IBAN, and tend to use <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_State_Branch" title="Bank State Branch">Bank State Branch</a> codes for domestic transfers and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT" class="mw-redirect">SWIFT</a> for international.</p>
<p><a name="Examples" id="Examples"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Examples">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Examples</span></h2>
<p>Note: <b>kk</b> after the two character ISO country code represents the check digits calculated from the rest of the IBAN characters</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> (28 digits) IBAN format: ALkk BBBB BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a> (24 digits) IBAN format: ADkk BBBB SSSS CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_code" title="Bank code">bank code</a>, S = <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">sort code</a>, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> (20) IBAN format: ATkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> (16) IBAN format: BEkk BBBC CCCC CCKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The last 12 digits represent: B = bank code, C = account No., K = check digits</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (20) IBAN format: BAkk BBBS SSCC CCCC CoKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No., K = check digits</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (22) IBAN format: BGkk BBBB SSSS DDCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = alphanumeric bank code (first four letters of SWIFT BIC), S =
Branch (BAE) number, D = numeric account type, C = alphanumeric account
No. Introduced on June 5, 2006.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (21) IBAN format: HRkk BBBB BBBC CCCC CCCC C</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> (28) IBAN format: CYkk BBBS SSSS CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> (24) IBAN format: CZkk BBBB SSSS SSCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (18) IBAN format: DKkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank No., C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a> (20) IBAN format: EEkk BBSS CCCC CCCC CCCK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No., K = check digit</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a> (18) IBAN format: FOkk CCCC CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>Same as Denmark, except for the country code.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> (18) IBAN format: FIkk BBBB BBCC CCCC CK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, branch number and account type, C = account No., K = check digit of the Finnish account numbering scheme.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (27) IBAN format: FRkk BBBB BGGG GGCC CCCC CCCC CKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, G = <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Branch_code&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Branch code (page does not exist)">code guichet</a> (branch), C = account No., K = clé RIB (key).</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (22) IBAN format: DEkk BBBB BBBB CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">sort code</a> (Bankleitzahl/BLZ), C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> (23) IBAN format: GIkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC CCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = first part of BIC, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> (27) IBAN format: GRkk BBB BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>K = check digits of the Greek account numbering scheme, B = bank code and branch number, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> (18) IBAN format: GLkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>Same as Denmark, except for the country code.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (28) IBAN format: HUkk BBBB BBBC CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> (26) IBAN format: ISkk BBBB SSCC CCCC XXXX XXXX XX</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No., X = holder's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identification_number" title="National identification number">national identification number</a>.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> (22) IBAN format: IEkk AAAA BBBB BBCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The first 4 alphanumeric characters are the start of the SWIFT code. Then a 6 digit long <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">sort code</a> and an 8 digit account code follow, both numeric.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> (23) IBAN format: ILkk BBBN NNCC CCCC CCCC CCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>kk = control code 2 digits, B = bank No. 3 digits, N = branch No. 3
digits, C = account No. 13 digits (typically 6 zeroes followed by a 7
digit No.). It should be noted that some Israeli banks have recently
changed client's account numbers from 6 to 7 digits.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> (27) IBAN format: ITkk ABBB BBCC CCCX XXXX XXXX XXX</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>IT = the country code, kk are the check digits, A the CIN BBAN or
CIN IT (check digit, called "Control Internal Number"), BBBBB is the
ABI (bank code), CCCCC is the CAB (branch number), and the last 12
digits the account or CC.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> (21) IBAN format: LVkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC C</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The first four digits are the same as the first four digits of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWIFT" title="SWIFT" class="mw-redirect">SWIFT</a>
code of the bank, and the 13 digits after that are the number of the
individual account (and can include both letters and numbers).</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a> (21) IBAN format: LIkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CCCC C</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>Same as Switzerland except for the country code.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a> (20) IBAN format: LTkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> (20) IBAN format: LUkk BBBC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a> (19) IBAN format: MKkk BBBC CCCC CCCC CKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No., K = check digits</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> (31) IBAN format: MTkk BBBB SSSS SCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC CCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = first part of BIC, S = sort code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a> (27) IBAN format: MCkk BBBB BGGG GGCC CCCC CCCC CKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>Same as France except for the country code.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> (22) IBAN format: MEkk BBBC CCCC CCCC CCCC KK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>kk = IBAN digit, B = Bank Code, C = Account number, KK = Check Digit.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (sometimes referred to as Holland) (18) IBAN format: NLkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>kk = IBAN digit, B = Bank Code, C = Account number</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> (15) IBAN format: NOkk BBBB CCCC CCK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No., K = modulo-11 check digit</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (28) IBAN format: PLkk BBBB BBBk CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code (1-3 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_code" title="Bank code">institution ID</a>, 4-7 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">branch</a>),
C = account No., kk = check digits. There are no letters in the code.
The single "k" after bank code is the now redundant check digit of the
former system, preserved in IBAN.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> (25) IBAN format: PTkk BBBB BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCK K</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code (1-4 bank code, 5-8 branch code), C = account number, K = BBAN check digits.<br>
Banks that don't identify specific branches use '0000' for digits 5-8.<br>
The Portuguese BBAN (or NIB - Número de Identificação Bancária) uses
the same validation checksum as the IBAN (ISO 7064 mod 97-10
calculation) resulting the the IBAN checksum always being "50".</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> (24) IBAN format: ROkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The first 4 alphanumeric characters represent the bank; according
to a rule established by the Romanian National Bank, the BBBB code must
be the same with the first 4 characters of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_Identifier_Code" title="Bank Identifier Code" class="mw-redirect">bank's identifier code</a>.
The last 16 represent the specific bank branch and an account, combined
any way the bank decides (typically the first 4 among the 16 identify
the branch). Some banks include the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ISO 4217</a> currency identifier somewhere in the account name.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino">San Marino</a> (27) IBAN format: SMkk ABBB BBCC CCCX XXXX XXXX XXX</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>Same as Italy except for the country code.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> (24 digits) IBAN format: SAkk BBCC CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
<dd>2a [country code] 2n [check digits] 2n [bank identifier] followed
by 18c [the basic account number preceded by zeros, if required]. The
issuing start date of the Saudi Arabia IBAN was <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2008-07-01"><span class="mw-formatted-date" title="07-01"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_1" title="July 1">July 1</a></span>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a></span> <a href="http://www.sarie.gov.sa/iban/?lang=en" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.sarie.gov.sa/iban/?lang=en" rel="nofollow">[1]</a>.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> (22) IBAN format: RSkk BBBC CCCC CCCC CCCC KK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No., K = account check digits<sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> (24) IBAN format: SKkk BBBB SSSS SSCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, S = sort code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (19) IBAN format: SIkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CKK</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The first 2 BB digits represent a bank, the next 3 - the branch.
The last 2 digits (KK) are the check digits. IBAN check digits (kk) for
Slovenia are 5 and 6.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> (24) IBAN format: ESkk BBBB GGGG KKCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, G=Branch/office number, K=Check digits, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> (24) IBAN format: SEkk BBBB CCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The Bs represent the bank code and the Cs the account number.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (21) IBAN format: CHkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CCCC C</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (26) IBAN format: TRkk BBBB BRCC CCCC CCCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>The total number of alphanumeric characters including the country
code and the check digits is 26. The first 5 digits represent a bank.
The next alphanumeric character, reserved for future use, is set to
zero. The following 16 alphanumeric characters represent the specific
bank branch and an account. The issuing start date of the Turkish IBAN
was: <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2005-09-01"><span class="mw-formatted-date" title="09-01"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1" title="September 1">September 1</a></span>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a></span> <a href="http://www.tbb.org.tr/IBAN.htm" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.tbb.org.tr/IBAN.htm" rel="nofollow">[2]</a>.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> (24) IBAN format: TNkk BBBB BCCC CCCC CCCC CCCC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = bank code, C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (22) IBAN format: GBkk BBBB SSSS SSCC CCCC CC</li>
</ul>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd>B = alphabetical bank code, S = <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_code" title="Sort code">sort code</a> (often a specific branch), C = account No.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<p><a name="Algorithms" id="Algorithms"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Algorithms">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Algorithms</span></h2>
<p><a name="Calculating_and_validating_IBAN_checksums" id="Calculating_and_validating_IBAN_checksums"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Calculating and validating IBAN checksums">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Calculating and validating IBAN checksums</span></h3>
<p>The checksum is a basic ISO 7064 mod 97-10 calculation where the remainder must equal 1.</p>
<p>To validate the checksum:</p>
<ol>
<li>Check that the total IBAN length is correct as per the country. If not, the IBAN is invalid.</li>
<li>Move the four initial characters to the end of the string.</li>
<li>Replace each letter in the string with two digits, thereby expanding the string, where A=10, B=11, ..., Z=35.</li>
<li>Interpret the string as a decimal integer and compute the remainder of that number on division by 97.</li>
</ol>
<p>The IBAN number can only be valid if the remainder is 1.</p>
<p>Example (fictitious United Kingdom bank, sort code 12-34-56, account 98765432):</p>
<pre>IBAN:       <span style="color: red;">GB</span><span style="color: blue;">82</span> <span style="color: green;">WEST</span> 1234 5698 7654 32 
Rearrange:  <span style="color: green;"> W E S T</span>12345698765432<span style="color: red;"> G B</span><span style="color: blue;">82</span>
Modulus:    <span style="color: green;">32142829</span>12345698765432<span style="color: red;">1611</span><span style="color: blue;">82</span> mod 97 = 1
</pre>
<p>The ECBS Standard provides method of calculating the checksum yields
a value in the range 02 to 98. The ranges 00 to 96, 01 to 97 and 03 to
99 would also pass the MOD 97-10 validation test but the standard is
silent as to whether or not these ranges may be used. It does however
issue the warning: "<i>Generation of the IBAN shall be the exclusive responsibility of the bank/branch servicing the account</i>".</p>
<p>The preferred algorithm is:</p>
<ol>
<li>Check that the total IBAN length is correct as per the country. If not, the IBAN is invalid.</li>
<li>Replace the two checksum digits by 00 (e.g. GB00 for the UK).</li>
<li>Move the four initial characters to the end of the string.</li>
<li>Replace the letters in the string with digits, expanding the string
as necessary, such that A=10, B=11 and Z=35. Each alphabetic character
is therefore replaced by 2 digits.</li>
<li>Convert the string to an integer (i.e. ignore leading zeroes).</li>
<li>Calculate Mod-97 of the new number.</li>
<li>Subtract the remainder from 98 and, if necessary, pad with a leading 0 to make a two digit number.</li>
</ol>
<p><a name="Calculating_the_modulus_of_a_large_number" id="Calculating_the_modulus_of_a_large_number"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Calculating the modulus of a large number">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Calculating the modulus of a large number</span></h3>
<p>It is often not practical to perform these calculations directly on a modern PC. However, by making use of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_arithmetic" title="Modular arithmetic">modular arithmetic</a> identities</p>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="\left( {a + b} \right)\bmod k \equiv \left( {\left( {\left( a \right)\bmod k} \right) + \left( {\left( b \right)\bmod k} \right)} \right)\bmod k" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/07fb9451e1fec3ef45ce3f25582e7ab0.png"></dd>
<dd>and</dd>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="\left( {a \times b} \right)\bmod k \equiv \left( {\left( {\left( a \right)\bmod k} \right) \times \left( {\left( b \right)\bmod k} \right)} \right)\bmod k" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/2449ad2c7204a167313b0d3fe4bd848e.png"></dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>it is easy to show that</p>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="\left( D \right)\bmod k = \left( {\sum\limits_{i = 0}^n {d_i a_i } } \right)\bmod k" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/50daff69be9dc9dbf5b5d61753fb257e.png"></dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>where</p>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="D = \sum\limits_{i = 0}^n {d_i  \times 10^i } " src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/d9fe7af8d8bce460d47cd0bbeab80460.png"></dd>
<dd>and</dd>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="a_i  = \left( {10^i } \right)\bmod k" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/3e16fe45c513ecf48022fb3e2e5568d6.png">.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>The sequence <img class="tex" alt="\left\{ {a_i \left| {i = 0 \ldots n} \right.} \right\}" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/0902f11ea066f869127ec48e224d5d2a.png"> is easily generated using the iterative relationship</p>
<dl>
<dd>
<dl>
<dd><img class="tex" alt="a_0  = 1;\quad a_{i + 1}  = \left( {a_i  \times 10} \right)\bmod k" src="International_Bank_Account_Number_files/00aede2068bb01a68c692f3e42cd42e9.png"></dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>This algorithm is particularly useful if the large number whose
modulus is to be found is expressed as an ASCII string rather than as a
binary number. In practice this algorithm can be performed using 16-bit
integer arithmetic even though <span class="texhtml"><i>D</i></span> itself might be 30 or more digits in length.</p>
<p><a name="Security_and_Privacy" id="Security_and_Privacy"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Security and Privacy">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Security and Privacy</span></h2>
<p>It is possible to publish personal or corporate IBAN bank account
routing information for a bank account, as many businesses do for their
<i>transit accounts</i> (where payments are routinely <i>swept out</i> and transferred to the proper internal corporate account).</p>
<p><a name="See_also" id="See_also"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_Euro_Payments_Area" title="Single Euro Payments Area">Single Euro Payments Area</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_regulation" title="Bank regulation">Bank regulation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_9362" title="ISO 9362">ISO 9362</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="External_links" id="External_links"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.swift.com/solutions/messaging/information_products/directory_products/iban_format_registry/index.page?lang=en" class="external text" title="http://www.swift.com/solutions/messaging/information_products/directory_products/iban_format_registry/index.page?lang=en" rel="nofollow">Official IBAN Registry at SWIFT</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ecbs.org/" class="external text" title="http://www.ecbs.org" rel="nofollow">European Committee for Banking Standards (ECBS)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ecbs.org/iban/iban.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.ecbs.org/iban/iban.htm" rel="nofollow">ECBS IBAN page</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.europeanpaymentscouncil.eu/documents/ECBS%20IBAN%20standard%20EBS204_V3.2.pdf" class="external text" title="http://www.europeanpaymentscouncil.eu/documents/ECBS%20IBAN%20standard%20EBS204_V3.2.pdf" rel="nofollow">ECBS IBAN Standard EBS204_V3.2 - August 2003</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.physnet.de/PhysNet/iban.html" class="external text" title="http://www.physnet.de/PhysNet/iban.html" rel="nofollow">IBAN Validator - How to validate IBAN</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="Online_tools" id="Online_tools"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Online tools">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Online tools</span></h3>
<p>Although many IBAN calculators exist, a valid IBAN can only be
obtained from the account servicing financial institution. The
underlying ISO demands that only the account servicing financial
institution is entitled to issue an IBAN.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.ibanconverter.eu/" class="external text" title="http://www.ibanconverter.eu/" rel="nofollow">Free IBAN-converter for all IBAN countries</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.jknc.eu/IBANCalculator" class="external text" title="http://www.jknc.eu/IBANCalculator" rel="nofollow">Free IBAN On-line check and IBAN-converter for all 46 IBAN Countries</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.sortcodechecker.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.sortcodechecker.com/" rel="nofollow">Free Sort Code Checker</a></li>
<li>Free <a href="http://www.tbg5-finance.org/?ibancheck.shtml" class="external text" title="http://www.tbg5-finance.org/?ibancheck.shtml" rel="nofollow">IBAN Validation Service</a>
for all 47 countries that have adopted the IBAN standard, multilingual
in 26 languages
(BG,CA,CZ,DA,DE,EL,EN,ES,FI,FR,HU,IT,LT,NL,NO,PL,PT,RO,RU,SK,SL,SQ,SR,SV,TR,ZH),
provided by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UN_CEFACT_TBG5" title="UN CEFACT TBG5">UN CEFACT TBG5</a>, html <a href="http://www.tbg5-finance.org/ibandocs.shtml/" class="external text" title="http://www.tbg5-finance.org/ibandocs.shtml/" rel="nofollow">source</a> available</li>
<li><a href="http://www.apacs.org.uk/payments_industry/ibans_4.html" class="external text" title="http://www.apacs.org.uk/payments_industry/ibans_4.html" rel="nofollow">Free IBAN Checker</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.iban-rechner.eu/ibancalculator/iban.html" class="external text" title="http://www.iban-rechner.eu/ibancalculator/iban.html" rel="nofollow">General Information about IBAN, Create and Validate IBAN, multilingual.</a></li>
<li>A free <a href="http://www.ibancalculator.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.ibancalculator.com/" rel="nofollow">IBAN calculator and validator</a>
(calculator and decoder for Austrian, Belgian, British, Dutch,
Estonian, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Luxembourgish, Spanish, and
Swiss banks; validator for all countries, provided by <a href="http://www.iban-bic.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.iban-bic.com" rel="nofollow">Theano GmbH</a>)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.europebanks.info/ibanguide.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.europebanks.info/ibanguide.htm" rel="nofollow">Guide on IBAN Account Numbers and Payments in Europe</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.europebanks.info/" class="external text" title="http://www.europebanks.info/" rel="nofollow">European Banks Info</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.sarie.gov.sa/iban/?iban=checker&amp;lang=en" class="external text" title="http://www.sarie.gov.sa/iban/?iban=checker&amp;lang=en" rel="nofollow">Official Saudi Arabia IBAN validator</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="Software_Implementations" id="Software_Implementations"></a></p>
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Software Implementations">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Software Implementations</span></h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/src/TINITA/Business-IBAN-0.06/README" class="external text" title="http://search.cpan.org/src/TINITA/Business-IBAN-0.06/README" rel="nofollow">CPAN Perl module for IBAN calculations</a></li>
<li><a href="http://code.google.com/p/php-iban/" class="external text" title="http://code.google.com/p/php-iban/" rel="nofollow">PHP IBAN is a library for parsing and validating IBAN bank account information in PHP.</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.unifiedsoftware.co.uk/freeibanvalidate.wsdl" class="external text" title="http://www.unifiedsoftware.co.uk/freeibanvalidate.wsdl" rel="nofollow">Free IBAN validation web service (SOAP).</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a name="References" id="References"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Bank_Account_Number&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">References</span></h2>
<div class="references-small">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-0"><b><a href="#cite_ref-0">^</a></b> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Bank_of_Serbia" title="National Bank of Serbia">National Bank of Serbia</a>: <a href="http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/20/dev/exchange_system_unique_account_iban.pdf" class="external text" title="http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/20/dev/exchange_system_unique_account_iban.pdf" rel="nofollow">Decision
on the Unique Account Identification and Classification Structure and
Plan of Accounts for the Application of International Rules and the
IBAN Standard</a></li>
</ol>
</div>


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